| [摘要] |
|
台灣因地理位置之關係，常受到颱風及地震等天然災害的侵襲，而目前國內對於地 |
| 震 |
|
之研究已投入大量的人力、物力，但針對風雨影響之研究仍為少數，故本研究即投入建 |
| 築 |
|
物在抗風雨及氣候性能上的研究工作，擬就外牆開口部之抗風雨性能的試驗方法與檢測 |
| 設 |
|
備加以深入探討，並對國內風雨文獻資料進行整理，以作為日後相關研究之參考依據。 |
|
為確保建築物外牆及開口部構件之整體性能達到規定之標準，需進行「風雨試驗」 |
| 以 |
|
檢測其性能，然而目前國內採用之試驗規範出現兩種不同之系統，其檢測設備、設定條 |
| 件 |
|
以及試驗方法等均略有差異，故為探討各種相關試驗方法對檢測結果之影響，本研究即 |
| 針 |
| 對上述之原因，以實際實驗的方式進行比較、探討。 |
|
另外，對於風雨檢測機具之發展和本研究中所建構之機具性能、設備、操作方式以 |
| 及 |
|
建構過程中所發生之問題與解決的方式等，進行詳細之說明，進而對於此類機具能有更 |
| 深 |
| 一層了解。 |
|
透過實際實驗，將各種試驗方法及過程，做一比較、分析其異同處以及探討實驗室 |
| 模 |
| 擬風雨狀態之合理性。於實驗結果分析中發現幾項特點： |
|
1.以連續短時間衝擊之預壓方式後，進行氣密性試驗之漏氣量有減少之趨勢。 |
| 2.氣密性試驗之壓力差介於10kgf/㎡∼70 kgf/㎡之間，呈現較穩定之線性關係。 |
|
3.JIS與ISO規定之氣密性試驗程序中，階段降壓之試驗過程較無意義。 |
| 4.於相同壓力作用下，負風壓對於開口部構件之影響較正風壓為大。 |
|
5.於水密性以及抗風壓試驗中，得知相同壓力作用下，長時間壓力作用較類似正弦波脈 |
| 動 |
| 壓力之影響為大。 |
|
經由本風雨實驗室之建構，得知此類檢測機具之建構過程，於前置作業部份必須詳 |
| 加 |
|
計畫且對於機具之特性、原理以及操作方式更需進一步的了解，方能使建構之機具發揮 |
| 應 |
|
有的效能以及符合原先設計條件。另外，經由試驗方法之探討，亦可了解目前各種試驗 |
| 方 |
|
法的差異性以及國內試驗規範之缺失。最後就本研究之結論以提供未來相關風雨檢測機 |
| 具 |
|
建立之參考依據，且對於現行外牆開口部之風雨試驗方法和後續研究提出建議。 |
|
| [摘要] |
| Due to the geography
location,Taiwan has a lot of natural disasters,such |
| as typhoon and
earthquake.Internally,many researchers have spent a lot of |
| time and human resources in
researching earthquake,but the studying of the |
| influence of weather proofing
is quite few.Therefore,we start the research |
| totest wind and rain resistance
on buildings and we are going to probe into |
| the method and equipment of the
testing for weather proofing performance of |
| exterior openings.Also,we are
going to classify the internal weather |
| document informationso that
other researchers can use this study as a |
| reference information. |
| In order to make sure that
the exterior walls and openings are qualified, |
| we should use mock-up testing
to test the exterior walls and openings. |
| However, |
| there are two different testing
systems in Taiwan,there are some differences |
| in testing
equipment,conditions,and methods.We are going to engage in actual |
| experiences to compare and
explore the influence in testing result,while all |
| relevant testing methods are
used in experiences. |
| In addition,about the testing
machine in our research institute, we will |
| not only explain the
development,function,equipment and operation sequence |
| but |
| also describe the problems and
solutions in the process of constructing. |
| Then, |
| we can understand this kind of
machine more. |
| Going through a series of
practical experiences,we compare and analysis |
| the same and different places
about all kinds of testing methods and process. |
| We also probe into the
reasonable of the imitated weather condition.Due to |
| the |
| result of testing,there are
five characteristics: |
| 1.After the increasing pressure
method of short term successive lashing is |
| used ,the air leakage ofair
permeability tests tend to reduce down. |
| 2.When the pressure of air
permeability tests are between 10 ~ 70 kgf/㎡,it |
| will appear more stable linear
relationship. |
| 3.In the air permeability
testing process of the JIS and ISO standard,the |
| testing process of reducing
pressure step by step is somehow meaningless. |
| 4.Under the same pressure,the
negative wind pressure has more influences than |
| the positive wind pressure to
exterior openings. |
| 5.In the wind resistance
watertightness test,if it is under the same |
| pressure, |
| long term pressure a ffect has
more influences then sine air pressure |
| pulse. |
| As a result of the testing by
our weather proofing testing research |
| institute,we know we have to
plan the part of pre-operation more carefully |
| and |
| we need to understand the
feature, principle, and operation furth er more. |
| Then,we can make the machine
give full play to the original design condition. |
| Besides,by the studying of
testing methods, we can understand te difference |
| of |
| testing methods and the defect
of internal testing standards. |
| Finally,the conclusion of our
research institute is that it could provide |
| a reference information about
building a testing machine and continuously put |
| forward proposals about the
weather proofing test of exterior openings. |