| [摘要] |
|
中國音樂藝術起源甚早，傳統戲曲定義較廣者以遠古時期的原野祭祀活動為起源。直到宋 |
|
朝出現「勾欄」等商業表演場所，說唱戲曲音樂興盛，戲場也開始同步發展。及至明清時 |
| 期會館建築大量出現，使各地方戲曲沿商業路徑向四方蔓延。 |
|
台灣自清末之後歷經日治時期，傳統戲場建築因飽受戰亂及自然毀壞而鮮少遺存；大陸地 |
|
區仍有400多處，主要是神廟附屬的戲臺空間，但因自然或人為的破壞或拆除，數量與日劇 |
| 減。 |
|
本研究以台灣與大陸地區半圍閉的庭院式”戲樓”為調查對象，進行傳統戲場空間初步測 |
|
繪與其音響性能實測，並回顧個案歷史。調查對象包括台灣板橋林家戲臺兩處，及大陸上 |
|
海、江蘇等六處。基礎調查方向以傳統表演空間之聲學參數量測與整理為主，進而分析各 |
|
表演場所之特性、舞台上表演者與伴奏之相互關係、表演者與伴奏之舞台位置更換帶給觀 |
| 眾的影響，以及探討觀戲場各處音響參數的差異。 |
|
經實地勘查發現，八處庭院式戲場之戲臺多與主體建築相連，木石構造為主，屋頂形式以 |
|
穹頂為多數，觀戲場各參數平均值說明如後，初期衰減時間（EDT）為0.79秒，音強（G） |
|
為5.5dB，回音指標（EK）為0.67，舞台支持度（ST1）為-9.3dB。其中，初期衰減時間略 |
|
短於地方戲曲1.1秒的建議值，音強值則達到西方對室內樂4dB的要求。 |
|
| [摘要] |
| Traditional Chinese opera
originated from the song and dance in the ancient |
| memorial ceremony. The
traditional opera was initiated became popular with the |
| emerge of Goolan, the mercantile
theater in Sung Dynasty. The traditional |
| theater develops at the same
time. Till the people who came from the same |
| province built a lot of
clubhouse, the traditional opera with different accent |
| can be spread to other province
in Ming Dynasty. |
| As a result of man made
destruction and natural disasters, traditional theater |
| can be hardly found in Taiwan
after the Ching Dynasty. There are more than 400 |
| cases in main land china, but
the cases are disappeared one after another. |
| Most of those cases are built
with the Chinese temple. |
| The research was aimed to
collect the historical and acoustical data in |
| courtyard-type traditional
Chinese theater. Acoustical measurements were taken |
| at six cases in main land China
and two cases in Taiwan. After the surveying, |
| we found the perform place was
built as a pavilion which connect with the |
| corridor or main hall. |
| All measurements were taken in
unoccupied conditions. There are no seats in |
| most courtyards. The analysis
showed the average early decay time（EDT）of 0. |
| 79sec, the average strength
（G）of 5.5dB, the EK of 0.67 and the average |
| early support （ST1）of –9.3dB.
The measured EDT was shorter then the 1.1sec |
| suggested for local China Opera
and the G met the requirement for western |
| chamber music. |