拉圖雷特修道院自然採光手法之研究
A Study on the Characteristics of Natural Light in Sainte-Marie de La Tourette
【關鍵字】
自然採光、自然採光特徵、自然採光模擬、拉圖雷特修道院
建築與光線之間是不可分割，並且相互影響的。在現代建築大師勒柯布西耶（Le Corbusier）的作品當中，經常可以看到自然採光佔了一個舉足輕重的角色，其中最著名的一件作品就是位於法國里昂的拉圖雷特修道院。雖然目前關於該修道院自然採光的研究不勝枚舉，但大多僅限於其教堂空間的部分。
本研究意圖針對該修道院的起居空間作討論，以Millet Marietta S. 的著作《Light Revealing Architecture》為研究基礎，透過數位模擬的方式來探討其自然採光的特徵。本研究選擇其中七個項目進行檢討，包含演講廳、餐廳、單人房、單人房的走廊、走道、東側坡道以及北側坡道。
從本研究模擬的結果得知，該修道院對於建築內部空間的自然採光進行了多樣的探索。
其佈局規劃使修道院內部可以在多種方向及時間點下，接收到最大量的自然採光。在房間格局、開口的形狀以及內部活動皆有一致的安排。另外，在本研究的七個項目中，自然採光皆根據其空間的使用機能、開口形式、材質及方位的不同，而有不一樣的設計特徵。希望本研究結果能夠提供後人對於拉圖雷特修道院的自然採光特徵以及自然光在建築裡的應用，有更近一步的了解。
【Abstract】
Natural light、Natural light characteristic、Natural lighting simulation、La Tourette Monastery
Architecture and light are inseparable and influence each other. Natural light is an important part in architecture and often used by Le Corbusier in his works. One of his popular works is Sainte-Marie de La Tourette Monastery. Many researches have been conducted about natural light in this monastery but mostly limited on church part only.
This research aims to discuss about natural light in monastery part by making simulation and to identify the light characteristics based on “Light Revealing Architecture”. Seven parts are chosen to be examined, which are oratory, refectory, cells, cell’s corridor, corridor, east ramp, and north ramp.
It is shown that this monastery has diverse exploration of natural light inside the building. Its layout plan makes it able to receive maximal light from many directions and times. There is a unity in arranging rooms layout, apertures shape, and activities inside. The natural light characteristics of seven rooms in the monastery have their own characteristics based on their functions, supported by aperture’s form, material, and orientation.
It is hoped that this study will provide a better understanding of natural light characteristics in the monastery and natural light exploration in architecture.