台灣天主教教堂禮儀空間形式之研究----以台北市天主教堂為例

The Study on the Liturgical Space of Catholic Church in Taiwan

A Case Study of Catholic Church in Taipei

        基督宗教的傳播過程中，天主教隨著西班牙道明會神父由菲律賓傳入台灣，為了達成宣教的目的，教會期望以教堂建築融合當地傳統的建築語彙，減低民間對西方宗教的抗拒以求順利傳教。地方教會如何解讀與詮釋當地的文化傳統，且融於人神交流的禮儀空間中，是本論文極欲探討的重要課題。

        本研究內容共分為五個章節：第一章從文獻回顧中理解當前研究現況，界定研究對象與範圍，進而提出探討議題與研究方法。第二章簡略概述天主教信仰內涵與西方各時期歷史教堂建築，從歷史的描述瞭解教會的傳統沿革與教堂空間的演變。第三章藉由天主教進入台灣的路線與教務發展情況，探討教會在不同時期採取的「本地化」主張，如何實踐在教堂建築上，進而產生不同的空間形式與樣貌。第四章為本論文研究分析部分，以台北市天主教教堂為對象，依田野調查結果歸納建築類型，同時進行禮儀空間組織的整體分析。第五章歸結各章論述重點，並總結分析結果與調查現象。

禮儀空間在儀式行為的引導下，界定了禮儀空間的作用。透過儀式活動，象徵性的禮儀逐步轉化成實體空間。本研究透過內在的形式關係，建構簡化的圖像分類方法，以此各別檢視歷史教堂及田野調查案例的禮儀空間單元。依據空間配置、入口空間、信友座席空間及至聖所禮儀元素四項議題的歸納分析，試圖比較台北市禮儀空間與西方歷史教堂空間的內在組織關係之差異，藉以呈現「本地化」的空間特性。

【Abstract】

         In the process of conveying Catholicism, Catholic Church was brought into Taiwan by the Spanish Order of Preachers. In order to reduce the resistance of accepting the western religion, the authorities concerned of the Church decided to merge the structure of the churches with the local style and tried to catholicize Taiwan people. However, how the local culture was recognized and presented in the liturgical space by the local church is the main issue of this study.

        Five chapters are included in this thesis:

        In the first chapter, the related documents of the catholic churches at present are reviewed and the objects and ranges being investigated are provided.

        In the second chapter, the dogma of the Catholicism and the structure of the churches in western architecture history are introduced for the purpose of realizing the traditions, evolutions and changes of the space of religions from the historical point of view.

        In the third chapter, different assertions of inculturation having effects on Catholicism and the architectures resulting in different kinds of space and appearance of churches in different periods of time are studied.

        In the fourth chapter, the classed building types according to the objects being investigated and the liturgical space of catholic churches in Taipei were analyzed.

        In the fifth chapter, the main points were summarized and conclusions were brought.

   The liturgical behaviors affected the functions of the liturgical space. By means of the liturgical behavior, the symbolic liturgy was transformed into the entity space. Because of the relation of inner form, the research was built up the classification according to the abstract figures and examined the churches of the western and in Taipei. 

   Analyzing the four topics: the organization of liturgical space, the entrance space, the seats of religious follower space and the liturgical elements in Holy of Holies, the research tried to presented “inculturation” of liturgical space by the comparison between the churches of the western and Taipei.