一、Denys Lasdun的生平

Denys Lasdun生於1914年,他是英國主要的一位建築師,他的成就開始於現代主義從Continent開始被倡導到英國的1930年早期,他最初的靈感是來自於Le Corbusier Cubist的畫,但他真正開始是從他的工作開始,他的工作是研究古典英式巴洛克,而他也從這過程中學習到許多,尤其是當他在Nicholas Hawksmoor那工作時(18世紀早期)。他的建築被叫做Lasdun's architecture,而要瞭解何謂Lasdun's architecture,那就須要先瞭解他處理建築物主題的手法,特別是他對建築物的想法,而他最特別的處理手法可以從’urban landscapes’中看出,urban landscapes的型是結合空間和層級而來的,就像許多的人造丘陵和山谷。而他如何從許多自然世界中過去的階級和改變某些組織原理中抽取出來,並延伸成符合現代的趨向。這也是我們必須去感覺的。Lasdun藉由月台的水平線和他已完成的建築物突出的高度來暗示這些重要元件,這點可從他所完成的strata' - as in the University of East Anglia, Norwich, 1962-8, the National Theatre, London, 1963-76, the first phase of the European Investment Bank, Luxembourg, 1974-80等案子看出。一個階層的形成是從強化混凝土的潛力和形成岩石的回憶兩者的結合而來的,而這個條件暗示著普級的地質學的分析。

Lasdun的建築依賴的根據是現代的結構系統和機械,但是他的建築中,科技並沒有被盲目的崇拜。他最初的目的是建造一個適於生活的型式,而這型式的設計必須依每個基地的條件來各別設計,就像是鄉村的基地和都市的基地在設計上,所需面對的問題和情況就不會相同。他在70~80年代這一段時間離開建築界,而當他在90年重回建築界時,他再一次的從Corbusier's Dom ino骨骼架構的基本的圖形和它的延伸,懸臂的厚板,加以轉變成豐富的空間序列,並加強環境中的經驗。這種轉變的結果是輕鬆的且極端的民主的,而這個典禮的實行是理想化的,且是經由光、幾何形狀、材質和抽象的型式交互作用而產生的結果。

 

Denys Lasdun, born in 1914, is a major British architect whose career began in the early 1930s soon after modernism was introduced to Britain from the Continent. His primary inspirations were Le Corbusier and Cubist painting, but from the very start there was a classical echo in his work which was reinforced by his study of the English Baroque, especially the work of Nicholas Hawksmoor (early 18th-century). To come to terms with Lasdun's architecture it is necessary to grasp his guiding themes, especially his idea of buildings as 'urban landscapes' formed from interlocking spaces and levels like so many artificial hills and valleys. It is also necessary to sense how he has extended the Modern Movement, drawn lessons from several phases of the past and transformed certain principles of organisation from the natural world. Lasdun has hinted at this important component of his work by referring to the horizontal platforms and overhanging levels of his mature buildings as 'strata' - as in the University of East Anglia, Norwich, 1962-8, the National Theatre, London, 1963-76, and the first phase of the European Investment Bank, Luxembourg, 1974-80. It is a term which suggests a pervasive geological analogy, a stratification combining the potentials of reinforced concrete with a reminiscence of formations of rock.

Lasdun's architecture relies upon modern structural systems and machinery, but technology has never been a fetish in its own right. His primary aim is the creation of forms which serve life while responding to the special conditions of each site in countryside or city. He has returned time and again to the basic diagramme of Le Corbusier's Dom ino skeleton of 1914 with its extending, cantilevered slabs, but has transformed it into an architecture of rich spatial sequences which intensify the experience of the surroundings. The result is a relaxed and democratic monumentality in which the rituals of institutions are idealised through the interplay of geometry, light, material and abstract form.

 

二、作品

National Theatre

London; 1967-1976

  University of East Anglia

Norwich; 1963-1972

  Royal College of Physicians

London; 1960-1964

  Fitzwilliam College

Cambridge; 1959-1960

  Luxuswohnungen am St. James Place

London; 1957-1961

  Wohnbauten in Bethnal Green

London; 1956-1959

  Mietshäuser in der Roseberry Avenue

London; 1938-1939

  Pinguin-Bassin

London; 1934-1938

 

 

三、基本資料

姓名:Sir Denys Louis Lasdun

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生於1914

逝於2001

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comment  

  British architect.

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biography  

  Studium an der Londoner Architectural Association.

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projects

  National Theatre

London; 1967-1976

  University of East Anglia

Norwich; 1963-1972

  Royal College of Physicians

London; 1960-1964

  Fitzwilliam College

Cambridge; 1959-1960

  Luxuswohnungen am St. James Place

London; 1957-1961

  Wohnbauten in Bethnal Green

London; 1956-1959

  Mietshäuser in der Roseberry Avenue

London; 1938-1939

  Pinguin-Bassin

London; 1934-1938


作品介紹

國家劇院(Royal National Theatre), London, 1967-76

  皇家國立劇院 (Royal National Theatre) 位於南岸中心,其中的Olivier廳採開放式大舞台、設有前舞台 (proscenium-staged) Lyttelton廳及小而可塑性高的Cottesloe廳提供不同的規模及形式,使大排場作品或袖珍型傑作都可在此演出。這裡也是生氣蓬勃的社交中心:開演前和朋友喝一杯;流連於免費的藝術展覽之間;在劇場門口享受黃昏音樂會或瀏覽劇院書店輕鬆一下。

  The Royal Shakespeare Company是英國的國家劇團,總部在巴比肯中心。這支劇團主要演出莎士比亞作品,也包括許多古典希臘悲劇、復辟時期的鉅作及眾多現代作品。高品質的大型製作在宏偉的巴比肯劇院上演,較小型的表演可在同中心的The Pit演出──其舞台較具親和力。巴比肯中心的平面規劃有些複雜,因此務必在演出前提早到達,以免耽誤。餘暇之時可欣賞門口的藝術及工藝展覽,多半和上演的劇碼有關;此外還有各種免費音樂欣賞。

四、參考文獻

1.www.cperspectives.org

2.www.archinform.net